The article "A One Hundred and Seventeen Year Coastal Water Temperature Record From Woods Hole, Massachusetts" (Estuaries, 27(3), 397-404) by Nixon, Granger, et. al. describes a compilation of Woods Hole historic water temperatures from 1886 to 2002, including temperatures from the WHOI Archives water temperature records. The article discusses details of sample location, collection protocol, and temperature trends.
As of 2010-04-19, this article is available at SpringerLink (subscription required): "A One Hundred and Seventeen Year Coastal Water Temperature Record from Woods Hole, Masachussets".
There is also a data spreadsheet that accompanies this article. This spreadsheet is available at this link: uri_compilation.xls.